Weekly Update #143
November 25, 2024

General Figures

Refugees from Ukraine recorded across Europe 

6,225,700

Last updated November 18 2024

Covers those granted refugee status, temporary asylum status, temporary protection, or statuses through similar national protection schemes, as well as those recorded in the country under other forms of stay 

Refugees from Ukraine recorded beyond Europe

560,200

Last updated November 18 2024

Covers those granted refugee status, temporary asylum status, temporary protection, or statuses through similar national protection schemes, as well as those recorded in the country under other forms of stay 

Refugees from Ukraine recorded globally

6,785,900

Last updated November 18 2024

Estimated number of internally displaced people (IDPs) in Ukraine (as of Aug 2024)

3,669,000

Emergency Response

According to regional authorities, between 1 August - 3 October over 120,000 people left Donetska region in eastern Ukraine, including 19,500 who fled active hostilities. In Sumska region, authorities estimate that 36,000 people, including 6,000 children, have been evacuated. UNHCR and NGO partners are supporting transit sites for evacuees through refurbishment, supply of equipment, coordination and management.

UNHCR is also providing lifesaving protection and multisectoral assistance to evacuees both inside and outside these centres.

A critical challenge remains the lack of options to accommodate evacuees in need of specialized care, including older people without family support and people with disabilities. UNHCR and partners Proliska and Responsibility to Protect (R2P) recently conducted a needs assessment at Mykhailivka collective site and the National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine, which are hosting a high number of highly vulnerable evacuees, to improve triage, targeted follow-up, and advocacy. 

Protection

Following ongoing attacks, war-affected people have been evacuating by train to Chernivetska, Kirovohradska, Lvivska, Ternopilska, and Zakarpatska regions. UNHCR partners continued to meet and assist evacuees arriving from the east of the country, mostly from Donetska region. To support local authorities preparing to receive evacuees, in September UNHCR provided core relief items for 1,000 people to authorities in Kirovohradska region, as well as in three collective sites in Cherkaska region and five collective sites in Chernivetska region.

Shelter Support

UNHCR partners continue to support the local population in areas severely damaged and actively recovering from shelling attacks. In September, over 500 families received emergency shelter materials in Khersonska, Mykolaivska and Odeska regions, while over 1,000 families received core relief items such as blankets, hygiene kits, pillows and bed linen in Khersonska region. Affected families received legal consultations, with key requests for support including advice on documenting property damage, applying for compensation, and addressing issues related to missing property rights in the state registry. 

Cash assistance

UNHCR partner R2P enrolled around 500 evacuees in September from Donetska region for emergency cash assistance, and  600 people whose homes were damaged or destroyed by aerial attacks in Donetska region. R2P also continued to provide legal assistance to evacuees in transit, interim and collective sites hosting evacuees, addressing such issues as IDP registration, House and Land Property (HLP) and document restoration. 

Livelihoods

In September, UNHCR and partners organized job fairs for both IDPs and local residents in Kyiv city with 150 participants attending in Khmelnytskyi city and Ivano-Frankivska. Also in September, UNHCR partners provided 390 individual consultations on livelihood opportunities to IDPs in Zakarpatska and IvanoFrankivska regions; 20 IDPs received vouchers for trainings, with 18 subsequently finding employment.

Inclusion

On 26 September, UNHCR partner Rokada opened «BogoХаб», a social centre for the community in Bohorodchany, Ivano-Frankivska region, which will enhance communication between community members, and offer social initiatives and activities for children, youth and adults. Specialists will also assist local and internally displaced families facing difficult circumstances, including those affected by gender-based violence. 

Russia grinds deeper into Ukraine after 1,000 days of grueling war

When Russian tanks rolled into Ukraine in February 2022, the conventional wisdom was that the capital, Kyiv, would soon fall and the rest of the country wouldn’t last long against a much larger enemy.

Instead, it was that narrative that quickly collapsed. The Ukrainian army proved it could slow the advance of Russia’s forces and, if not drive them out completely, then – with enough support from the West – at least forestall defeat.

But nearly three years later, the outlook is again grim. Russia is expending huge amounts of weaponry and human life to make small-but-steady territorial gains to the nearly one-fifth of Ukraine it already controls. Ukraine, meanwhile, is struggling to minimize losses, maintain morale and convince allies that, with more military aid, it can turn the tide.

As this brutal war of attrition grinds toward its 1,000th day, neither side seems eager to negotiate. President-elect Donald Trump has said he could quickly end the war, though it is unclear how or in whose favor he might tip the scales.

This backdrop appears to be driving Russia’s strategy in eastern Ukraine, according to Phillips O’Brien, a professor of strategic studies at the University of St. Andrews, Scotland. Trump could try to force an end to the war by halting the supply of weapons to Ukraine, he said.

“If Trump cuts aid to Ukraine and a cease-fire leads to a frozen conflict, Russia wants to secure as much territory as it can now,” O’Brien said.

For Ukraine, the key to any cease-fire would be guarantees from the West that it won’t allow Russia to re-invade in the future. Otherwise, O’Brien said, “a cease-fire is a recipe for constant instability in Europe.”

Russia is advancing slowly but steadily in eastern Ukraine

In the war’s first year, Ukraine lost huge amounts of territory — but it also achieved notable victories. It resisted a much larger adversary with superior air power to survive as an independent country, and it reclaimed some land through gutsy counteroffensives, giving the underdog — and its wealthy allies — the confidence to stay in the fight.

In the second year, which was punctuated by Ukraine’s devastating loss of Bakhmut and its failed counteroffensive, the armies essentially fought to a standstill along a 1,000 kilometer (620 mile) front line. Toward the end of that year, the U.S. Congress delayed the approval of a $61 billion package of aid for weapons, and economic and humanitarian assistance.

With Ukraine’s ammunition dwindling, its outlook deteriorated significantly as the war’s third year began. In February 2024, the town of Avdiivka fell after months of airstrikes by Russia, which used highly destructive Soviet-era bombs retrofitted with navigation systems.

The fall of Avdiivka created a major breach in Ukraine’s defenses. When Russia later mounted an assault on the northeastern city of Kharkiv, Ukrainian troops were stretched further.

A bright spot for Ukraine came in August, when it launched a surprise incursion into Russia. It took — and still holds — hundreds of square kilometers in the Kursk region. While this could be an important chip in any cease-fire negotiations, it hasn’t stopped Russian forces from taking more land in Ukraine’s east.

“The Russians have paid a very high price to keep advancing, but they’re willing to pay that price in lives to gain a few more meters of territory each day,” said Justin Crump, head of the British strategic advisory firm Sibylline.

Tens of thousands of soldiers from both countries have been killed since the start of the war in 2022, according to estimates, and the U.N. says at least 11,700 Ukrainian civilians have been killed.

While the amount of land Russia has gained in 2024 — about 2,455 square kilometers (948 square miles)— is equal to less than 1% of Ukraine’s pre-war territory, it is having a psychological impact.

With Ukraine in retreat, “we’ve now returned to a period reminiscent of the (war’s) first months,” said Mykola Bielieskov, an analyst at CBA Initiatives Center in Kyiv. “This strengthens Russia’s position — not so much militarily, but in terms of morale.”

A war of attrition requires both sides to seek outside resources

To keep its war machine going, Russia — like Ukraine — has turned to allies for help.

Iran supplies Russia with drones and possibly missiles, and North Korea has sent ammunition — and even troops, who have been deployed to Russia’s Kursk region.

Russian President Vladimir Putin claimed this year that 700,000 of his troops are fighting in Ukraine. Analysts say Putin would need a much larger force to accelerate Russia’s advance, but that he is unlikely to mobilize more troops because it could stoke internal discontent.

Ukraine’s foothold in Kursk is another complicating factor for Putin, and it could be used as a bargaining chip in any future cease-fire negotiations.

Captain Yevhen Karas, a Ukrainian commander in Kursk, said the fighting inside Russia is highly dynamic, but he believes it will prove effective in diverting Russia’s attention and resources.

“Even a creeping, retreating front exhausts the enemy significantly,” Karas said.

Ukraine has asked the West for longer range missiles and its blessing to fire at air bases deep inside Russia. But its allies have so far resisted, wary of escalating tensions with a nuclear-armed Russia.

The U.S. has provided more than $64 billion in military aid to Ukraine since the war began 1,000 days ago. Soldiers worry about what would happen without sustained American support.

“Bravery, heroism, and spirit alone are not enough,” said a Ukrainian soldier in the eastern Donetsk region who spoke on condition of anonymity, in line with military rules.

The soldier estimated that where he is stationed Russian infantry outnumber Ukrainian troops 10 to 1. As the war drags on and the death toll rises, it has become increasingly difficult for Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy to keep replacing troops.

The US will play a vital role in determining the war’s next direction

What direction the war takes next will depend in large part on how the incoming Trump administration plays its hand.

Trump, who has touted his good relationship with President Vladimir Putin and called the Russian leader “pretty smart” for invading Ukraine, has repeatedly criticized American backing of Ukraine.

During his only campaign debate with Vice President Kamala Harris, Trump twice refused to directly answer a question about whether he wanted Ukraine to win — raising concerns that Kyiv could be forced to accept unfavorable terms in any negotiations.

Without security guarantees from the West, Ukraine could find itself vulnerable to future Russian aggression. Analysts say a cease-fire based on the current state of the battlefield would set a dangerous precedent, implying that Europe’s borders are up for grabs through military action — something that hasn’t happened since World War II.

“This would also have a lot of traction in countries like China, India, and elsewhere,” said Richard Connolly, a Russia expert at the Royal United Services Institute in London. “They could present that as a strategic defeat not only for Ukraine, but also for the West.”

As another winter of war approaches, Ukrainian soldiers say they remain resolute.

“We are standing strong, giving it our all, and we won’t surrender,” said a battalion chief of staff in the southern region of Zaporizhzhia. “The most important thing now is not to lose more land.”

Source: AP News